Japan
UnitedStates
China
Hong Kong
Mongolia
Russia
Thailand
Vietnam
Laos
Cambodia
Myanmar
Indonesia
Philippines
Singapore
Malaysia
India
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Mexico
Brazil
Peru
Colombia
Chile
Argentina
DubaiAbuDhabi
Turkey
South Africa
Nigeria
Egypt
Morocco
KenyaNigeria
1 Chapter Basic knowledge
-
-
Political system of Nigeria
Under the 1999 Constitutions there is an Executive, Legislative and Judicial branch. The executive power is vested in a president who serves as both the head of state and the chief executive and commander-in-chief of the armed forces, has a four-year term, and nominates the vice president and members of the cabinet a federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 states. The current President is Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI since 29 May 2015 and the Vice President is Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO.
The legislative branch has a bicameral National Assembly, which consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Senate has 109 seats, 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms. The House of Representatives has 360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms.
The Judicial Branch has the Supreme Court that consists of the chief justice and 15 justices, it is the highest court. The judge’s selection is by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments are confirmed by the Senate and judges serve until age 70. The Nigerian legal and judicial system contains three codes of law, the customary law, the Nigerian statute law (includes much of the British colonial legislation), and Sharīʿah (Islamic law). The subordinate courts are the Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system.
-
History of Nigeria (15th century - Hyundai)
The country is located on the western coast of Africa and is the most populous country of Africa. People began settling the region around 9000 BC, but it flourished until the 9th century under the ruling of the Kanem-Bornu Empire. The first European explorers arrived in the 16th century from Spain and Portugal and quickly established trade connections. Slavery was used in Nigeria since it was used for trading European goods, especially guns and gunpowder, it was used but the British started to encourage palm oil in the Niger delta states to replace the trade in slaves. But it was difficult for the British, because it was discovered that the demand for palm oil was in fact stimulating an internal slave trade, because slaves were responsible for collecting palm fruits, manufacturing palm oil, and transporting it to the coast, whether by canoe or by human porterage. A consul was maintained at Fernando Po to oversee the lucrative palm oil trade in the region called the Oil Rivers. Missionaries were active at that time in the area. By the 1870s the Niger trade was becoming profitable, and a few French companies noticed, this led French Roman Catholic missionaries to establish in Ouidah (Whydah), they arrived in Lagos and considered missionary work on the Niger, but the British, were not really happy about it and responded by defending their right to free navigation on the river at the Berlin West Africa Conference of 1884 to 1885.
And after the British government assumed the direct control of the Royal Niger Company, the northern areas were renamed the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, and the land in the Niger delta and along the lower reaches of the river was added to the Niger Coast Protectorate, which was renamed the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. Lagos remained the capital of the south, with Zungeru the new capital of the north. Modern Nigeria dates from January 1, 1914, when the British Protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria were joined, following the recommendations of Sir Frederick Lugard, the two protectorates were amalgamated to form the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria under a single governor-general resident in Lagos (Between 1919 and 1954 the title reverted to governor).
The country became truly independent until October 1, 1960, and in 1963 adopted a republican constitution but elected to stay a member of the Commonwealth. From the beginning, there was ethnic and religious tension, that intensified between the unbalanced north and south. Many military coups followed in the next years, increasing violence in the area, and consequently leading to the Nigerian Civil War in 1967. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 with the election of Olusegun Obasanjoas as the new president and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 with the election of Olusegun Obasanjoas as the new president and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. Obasanjo was reelected in 2003, but with numerous reports of voting irregularities, Obasanjo tried to change the constitution to be able to remain for a third term as president and the proposed amendment was rejected by the Senate in 2006. Umaru Musa Yar’Adua was then selected to stand as the PDP’s candidate in April 2007, He won on May 29 of 2007. but as well, numerous reports of irregularities and fraud were reported by international observers. On May 5, 2010, Adua passed away, and Dr. Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as president.
The current president of Nigeria is Muhamadu Buhari, who has been re-elected president in 2019 for a second four-year term after hard-fought elections. Muhamadu Buhari has promised to focus his efforts on continuing to fight corruption and insecurity and strengthen economic growth.
-
